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IGNOU MCH-23 (July 2025 – June 2026) Assignment Questions
1. a) Explain the following in brief.
i) Soil profile
ii) Topography
iii) Parent material
iv) Metamorphic rocks
v) Granular disintegration
b) How is the soil texture analysis done? Describe in brief.
2. a) Describe the reasons of soil alkalinity and the consequences of the same.
b) How is nitrogen important to the plants? Write the sources of this macronutrient to plants.
3. a) What is meant by the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils? What is the property of soil that determines the CEC of soils? How does CEC vary with pH?
b) Describe the distribution of the world’s water resources among oceans, icecaps/ glaciers, groundwater, and surface water, providing approximate percentages.
4. a) Explain the importance of groundwater as a water resource in India. What are the problems in overusing ground water?
b) Define turbidity in water and explain its causes, measurement, and significance for water quality.
5. a) Briefly explain the factors affecting water quality.
b) State the five “designated best uses” of water as per the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) classification and give one corresponding primary water quality criterion for each.
6. a) What is meant by the atmospheric effect and the greenhouse effect?
b) Explain how ozone layer depletion is related to global warming.
7 a) How do the following factors affect the discharge of pollutants in the atmosphere?
i) Atmospheric stability
ii) Temperature
iii) Precipitation
iv) Turbulence
v) Solar radiation
b) Distinguish between the following pairs giving examples:
i) Stationary and Mobile sources of pollutants
ii) Indoor and Ambient air pollution
8. a) Name any two methods that are used for collecting gaseous samples and explain any one of these.
b) Briefly explain the following terms:
i) Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
ii) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
9. a) Discuss the method of aeration in the treatment of daily wastes. Also give the problems associated with it.
b) Give the characteristics of an ideal pesticide.
10. a) In which form the phosphorous occurs in sewage? Also, briefly explain the methods of removing it.
b) How are Pathogenic bacteria transmitted in water? List any five diseases transmitted by them.
